This experiment was conducted to evaluate levels of crude protein (CP) for gilts in growing phase, maintained under thermal comfort. The internal temperature at room was kept during the experimental period in 21.3 ± 0.53°C with relative humidity of 70.5 ± 5.11%. The calculated black globe humidity index (BGHI) in this period was 68.7 ± 0.93. Forty crossbred gilts with average initial weight of 29.4 ± 1.42 kg were used in an experimental design of randomized blocks with five treatments […]

Sunflower (20.0% DM and 10.0% CP) was ensiled in 16 plastic experimental silos, forming four treatments: control, Sil-All (S. faecium, P. acidilactici, L. plantarum, amylase, hemicellulase, and cellulase), Silobac (L. plantarum, S. faecium, and Lactobacillus sp.), and Pioneer 1174 (S. faecium and L. plantarum). Silos were opened 125 days after ensiling and sampled to proceed chemical analyses. Pioneer increased soluble carbohydrates, ethylic alcohol concentration, and buffering capacity. This inoculant decreased pH, ammonia, and acetic acid concentration compared to control. Pioneer […]

This experiment aimed to evaluate the effects of environmental temperature and feed restriction on performance and characteristics of fiber types in the flexor hallucis longus muscle of male broilers. Three hundred twenty four five-day-old male chicks were allotted to a split plot design, where the main treatments were three feeding programs (ad libitum, early restriction – 8-14 days; later restriction – 29-35 days) and three environmental temperatures of growth (heat, termoneutral and cold) in a completely randomized factorial 3 x […]

The effects of different levels of roughage on intake and apparent absorption of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), sodium (Na), potassium (K) and magnesium (Mg) were studied. Forty Holstein x Zebu calves, with initial average live weight of 60 kg, allotted to a completely randomized design, were fed concentrate and chopped coastcross (Cynodon dactylon) grass hay ad libitum in the following levels: 10; 25; 40; 55 e 90%, on a DM basis. The coefficients of apparent absorption were obtained by one […]

Dry matter intake (DMI) of Tanzania grass under grazing conditions was estimated using 24 Holstein-Zebu and Gir cows from the in vitro dry matter digestibility of extrusa samples (esophageal fistulated cows) and fecal output. The fecal output was estimated using chromium mordant and a non-linear model. The pasture was managed in a rotational system with three days paddock occupation and 39 days of resting period. The stocking rate was 2.0 cows/ha during the rainy season. Four different equations based on […]

Data on 23,251 Nelore calves weaned from 1994 to 1997, belonging to Agropecuária Jacarezinho Ltda., were analyzed to estimate the influence of environmental effects of age of dam, julian date of birth and age of calf at weaning on visual scores of conformation (C), precocity (P) and musculature (M). All effects significantly influenced the visual scores. The analyses showed that the calves with the best scores of C, P and M at weaning were those from dams with 7, 8 […]

The influence of three levels of artificial shade (0, 30 e 60%) on mineral composition of six forage grasses (Andropogon gayanus, Brachiaria brizantha, B. decumbens, Melinis minutiflora, Panicum maximum and Setaria sphacelata) was studied. The predominant soil in the region was classified as red-yellow latosol of medium texture and the assay was conducted according to randomized block design, with split plots, in four replicates; the plots corresponded to the shading levels and the split plots corresponded to the forage species. […]

The objective of this work was to verify the effects of lipid sources (ground soybean and soybean oil) added to the diet on the fatty acids profile of milk fat, specially in the increasing of CLA. Six multiparus 7/8 Holstein-Zebu cows, 30 days after calving, with average body weight of 500 kg and average milk production of 20 kg/day, were used. The animals were divided in three groups in order to receive isoprotein and isocaloric diets (treatments), in which control […]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of energy levels (2900-LE and 3200-HE- kcal ME/kg), physical form of the diet (mash-M and pellet with 2 mm-P2 and 4 mm-P4) and pair feeding (Pf), by feed restriction based in Ad libitum (Ad)/M/HE diets, on male broilers performance and carcass yield, from 21 to 42 days of age. There were 8 treatments, 5 replicates, 12 birds/replicate. In the P diets, only whole pellets were offered. At these conditions, there were no […]

The objective of this work was to evaluate different levels of enegetic supplementation, in the form of grounded sorghum for finishing of cull cows from different genotypes of Charolais (C) x Nellore (N), kept on cultivated pasture during the last half of the vegetative cycle. Thirty C, N, 3/4 C + 1/4 N (CN) and 3/4 N + 1/4 C (NC) beef cows, kept on cultivated pasture of oats (Avena strigosa) + ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum) were allotted in three supplementation […]