Thirty-three 39 crossbreed Holstein-Gyr steers were used in a research aiming to evaluate the effects of feed restriction prior to the confinement on the changes in body composition and in the net requirements of energy for maintenance and weight gain, and protein for weight gain. Thirty animals were submitted to a high grazing pressure, while the remaining nine steers had unrestricted access to forage (continuous gain group), after what, six animals from the first group and three from the second […]

The objective of this study was to evaluate the fitness capacity of a non-linear model in the process parameter estimation of the solid transit kinetics of bovine at pasture, using different sequences of fecal sampling. Five F1 Limousin X Nellore steers, fistulated in esophagus and rumen on Brachiaria decumbens grazing and concentrate supplemented during the rainy season period were used. The experiment was developed in three experimental periods; in a randomized completely blocks design. Chromium mordant, produced from extrusa samples, […]

The purpose of this work was to evaluate the effect of 8.4 g/day of rumen protected methionine (RPM) or 8.4 g/day of rumen non protected methionine (RNPM) or even of control cows on milk yield and compositon during 90 days of lactation. Six high yielding lactating Holsteins cows (>20 kg/day) in the first and second lactation, with 19 + 6 days of lactation were used in a duplicated latin square design. The cows were fed a total mixed ration composed […]

The present study was carried out to study the substitution of the ground corn grain by the dried citrus pulp in the starter diet of 28 Holstein calves in an early weaning system. The experimental design was in completely randomized blocks, with the blocks formed in accordance to the arrival order of the animals. The animals were slaughter at the end of the experiment. The experiment consisted on four treatments: 0, 15, 30 and 45% of citrus pulp in the […]

Three rumen cannulated buffaloes (Bubalus bubalis) and three zebu cattle (Bos indicus) were fed chopped sugar cane ad libitum and 3 kg of concentrate/animal/day during 13 weeks. After two weeks of adaptation, samples of rumen contents were weekly collected at two times: just before feeding and 40 minutes after feeding to measure the concentration and composition of ruminal fauna. Ruminal contents were mixed and re inoculated among animals from the same species after five weeks of trial starting. During the […]

The effect of slaughter age on non-carcass components and carcass characteristics was evaluated in 35 Suffolk lambs slaughtered at average age of 90, 130 or 170 days, fed corn silage and concentrate (19.6% CP). As the slaughter age increased, animal live weight and carcass weight linearly increased, and some non-carcass components as blood, head, legs and full viscera percentage linearly decreased, leading to a linear increase in carcass yield. As the slaughter age increase, it was observed change in the […]

With the objective to study the carcass and the meat qualitative characteristics of young bulls or castrated males, slaughtered at fourteen months of age, fifteen Hereford males were used, eight castrated at seven months and seven kept entire. From birth to weaning animals were raised on improved native pasture, and after weaning, at seven months, they were confined. Meat measurements were taken from the longissimus muscle, and to determine carcass composition the method of manual dissection of muscle, fat and […]

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the effects of five dietary concentrate levels (25,0; 37,5; 50,0; 62,5 and 75,0%) on the efficiency of microbial synthesis, the ruminal ammonia concentrations and pH, nitrogenous compounds balance, and the digest passage rate. Five rumen, abomasum and ileum fistulated F1 Limousin x Nellore bulls, with an average initial body weight of 279 kg, were used in a 5 x 5 Latin square design. Ruminal liquid samples were obtained before and 2; 4; […]

This research aimed to evaluate the monensin effect on protein degradation of soybean meal, wheat middlings and corn meal. The rumen fluid was taken from a fistulated steer fed a 40% concentrate diet. The incubations were done in an anaerobic environment at 39ºC. It was used 100 mg of each feedstuff, 14.7 mL of ruminal fluid and 0.3 mL of ethanol with or without dissolved monensin (5 µM was the final concentration). The soybean meal, compared with wheat middlings and […]

The objective of the present study was the fractionation and the degradation kinetics of the nitrogenous compounds and of the carbohydrates of the sugar cane, poultry litter and cottonseed meal. The non-protein nitrogenous compounds, soluble and insoluble nitrogen in borate-phosphate buffer, neutral detergent and in acid detergent insoluble protein nitrogen were analyzed for the determination of the nitrogen fractions. The degradation rates of the protein fractions were obtained by the In vitro incubation of the feeds with proteases isolated from […]