The effects of concentrate supplementation of stocked an during the rainny season on the body composition of energy and protein and net requirements of protein and energy for weight gain were evaluated. Forty-nine crossbred steers, were Brachiaria decumbens pastures, were used. The experiment was driven in three experimental periods, according to a completely randomized design. The following supplements were daily fed at 10 a.m.: mineral salt (SALT), supplements based on corn and soybean meal, with 20% CP, at the level […]

The experiment was carried out to evaluate the performances of cross breed Saanen dairy goats submitted to two strategies of supplementation with concentrate 30% of daily requirements in net energy (NRC, 1981) supplied by concentrate, from third week until the end of lactation (ESC.1) or 60% of requirements from the 3rd to the 13th week of lactation and 15% from 14th until the end of lactation (ESC.2); and evaluate the animal response to these strategies of supplementation with concentrate in […]

The objective of this study was to evaluate milk production of primiparous beef cows and growth of calves of two genotypes from birth to weaning. Forty eight Hereford heifers with average age of 3 years grazing only native pastures were used. Sixteen cows were inseminated with Red Angus (Bos taurus) semen and 32 with Nelore (Bos indicus). Effects were calf genotype (GENOT) – Bos taurus x Bos taurus and Bos taurus x Bos indicus, calving season (EPOCN), concentrated in Spring […]

Forty Nellore bulls, with average initial live weight (LW) of 240 kg, were used. Four reference bulls and four bulls fed for maintenance were used, and the remaining was assigned to eight treatments, with four different concentrate levels in the diets (20, 40, 60 and 80%) and two (15 and 18%) levels of crude protein (CP). The protein, fat and energy contents retained in the body were estimated by regression equations of the logarithm of protein, fat or energy body […]

Dry matter intake (DMI) of Tanzania grass under grazing conditions was estimated using 24 Holstein-Zebu and Gir cows from the in vitro dry matter digestibility of extrusa samples (esophageal fistulated cows) and fecal output. The fecal output was estimated using chromium mordant and a non-linear model. The pasture was managed in a rotational system with three days paddock occupation and 39 days of resting period. The stocking rate was 2.0 cows/ha during the rainy season. Four different equations based on […]

The influence of the level of intake of elephantgrass, under grazing, on the composition of digesta and on concentration of the marker Cr2O3 throughout the gastrintestinal tract (GTI) of bovines was studied. A split-plot completely randomized design with twelve treatments in the main plots (a 2×6 factorial with two levels of forage ingestion: restricted – NA1 and unrestricted – NA2, and six slaughter periods) and the five sections of GTI in the split-plots was used. Thirty six steers were used, […]

Sunflower (20.0% DM and 10.0% CP) was ensiled in 16 plastic experimental silos, forming four treatments: control, Sil-All (S. faecium, P. acidilactici, L. plantarum, amylase, hemicellulase, and cellulase), Silobac (L. plantarum, S. faecium, and Lactobacillus sp.), and Pioneer 1174 (S. faecium and L. plantarum). Silos were opened 125 days after ensiling and sampled to proceed chemical analyses. Pioneer increased soluble carbohydrates, ethylic alcohol concentration, and buffering capacity. This inoculant decreased pH, ammonia, and acetic acid concentration compared to control. Pioneer […]

The objectives of the present study were to characterize and estimate parameters of kinetics of carbohydrate degradation using alfalfa hay, elephant grass, tifton 85, and corn silage, fed to dairy goats under different forage: concentrate ratio. Kinetic parameters of dry matter and neutral detergent fiber degradation at different pH values were estimated by using cumulative gas production technique and their values contrasted with those obtained by both in vitro and in situ studies. Kinetic interpretation for specific degradability, rate of […]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of five concentrate levels as dry matter basis (25.0, 37.5, 50.0, 62.5 and 75.0%) and two diet balance methods on the digestive tract, internal organs weight and gastrointestinal fill of 45 crossbred F1 Limousin x Nelore young bulls, averaging 14 months of age and initial live weight of 330 kg. One diet balance method was almost isoprotein with 12% of crude protein and the other was attempted to attend the metabolizable protein […]

The objectives of this work were to study the functional anatomy and the comparative morphometry in the medium intestine and in the rectum of Teleostei, surubim, Pseudoplatystoma coruscans (Agassiz, 1829) (Siluriformes, Siluroidei, Pimelodidae), with carnivorous feeding habits, in two size classes, aiming to provide nutritional data for the adjustment of different artificial feeding system. It was concluded that the surubim intestine, under a morphological view, must be called of medium intestine and rectum, due to the presence of ileo-rectal valve […]