Six Nellore bulls, with initial body weight of 420 kg, were used to evaluate cromium oxide determined by X-ray fluorescence as an external markers of digestibility. Cromium oxide was compared to internal indicators: indigestible NDF (NDFi) incubated in vitro for 144 hours and acid detergent lignin and total feces collection. Digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, NDF, ADF, CP and EE were estimated. Experimental diets were: 1) soybean meal, in a RDP deficient diet; 2) urea; 3) starea (non protein nitrogen […]

With the objective to determine the macrominerals (Ca, P, Mg, Na, K) requirements of zebu cattle, a trial involving sixteen zebu steers with initial live weight of 270 kg was conducted. Four steers were slaughtered after the adaptation period of the trial, performing the reference group, and the remaining were uniformly allotted to a complete randomized design, in three treatments, with different levels of concentrate in the diets (5, 35, 65 %, in the total dry matter basis). The diets […]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of the substitution of corn by cassava peel (CP), in complete rations for growing goats, on the nutrients intake, nutrient digestibility, average daily weight gain and the economical analysis of the rations. Twenty four females Saanen were used, with medium initial weight of 24,20± 2,28 kg and medium age of 10 months. The animals received a complete ration with 59% of hay of Coast-cross (Cynodon dactylon L.) (7,08% PB) and […]

The experiment was carried out to study the effects of fiber levels (38.7 and 57.2% NDF), composed of elephantgrass silage and chopped sugarcane and two protein sources, a high (soybean meal) and low (blood meal and corn glúten meal) ruminal degradable protein, on the ammonia nitrogen concentration (N-NH3) and on the ruminal pH of steers. Four rumen fistulated Brow-Swiss steers, with 316 kg of average initial weight, were randomly allotted to a 4 x 4 Latin square design. The steers […]

Twelve purebred and crossbred Holstein cows were assigned to three Latin squares 4 X 4, balanced according to the lactating period, to evaluate the ingestive behavior parameters. The experimental diets were based on corn silage with 60:40 forage:concentrate ratio, in dry matter (DM) basis, or based on sugar cane with 60:40 or 50:50 forage:concentrate. The cows were submitted to visual observation for ingestive behavior evaluation. The animals were observed every 10 minutes, during 24 hours, to determine the time expended […]

Twelve purebred and crossbred Holstein cows were allotted to three 4 x 4 Latin Squares to evaluate the nitrogen (N) balance, microbial protein production, plasma and milk urea concentration and different urine collections times. The experimental diets were based on corn silage (CS) (AG 1051) with forage:concentrate ratio (F:C) of 60:40, in dry matter (DM) basis, or in sugar cane basis (SC) (RB 855536) with F:C of 60:40 with .35 or 1% of urea+ammonium sulfate (AS) mixture or FC of […]

The objective of this work was to verify the usefullness of ultrasound to estimate the carcass backfat thickness (EGSC) at slaughter. Twenty four Brangus and 24 Nelore, intact males, were fed with diets containing 20, 40, 60 or 80% of concentrate. Ribeye area (AOLU) and backfat thickness (EGSU) between 12ª and 13ª ribs and the fat thickness over Biceps femoris muscle (EGPU) were collected with a PieMedical Scanner 200 Vet equipment, with linear array transducer of 178 mm coupled with […]

Three wethers averaging 50 kg LW, fitted with four catheters, in the mesenteric vein, mesenteric artery, portal vein and hepatic vein, were used to evaluate nutrient intake and glucose, a-amino nitrogen, ammonia and urea splanchnic fluxes in sheep fed with different protein sources. Statistical design was a 3×3 Latin square. Treatments consisted of three different protein sources utilization: soybean meal, hydrolyzed feather meal and corn gluten meal. There were no treatment effects over intake of dry matter (DM), organic matter […]

One hundred and tree male and female lambs, pure Santa Inês (SS) and crosses between Santa Inês and Texel (TS), Ile de France (FS) and Bergamacia (BS), were used. They were confined in individual cages. The lambs were slaughtered at four weights: 15.0, 25.0, 35.0 and 45.0 kg live weight. After slaughter and cooling of the carcasses, the following cuts were made: neck (PP), rib/flank (PCF), rack (PC), loin (PL), shoulder (PPA) and leg (PPE), these last two without the […]

Twelve 7/8 Holstein-Zebu steers were used in three 4 x 4 latin square design, consisted of three body weight groups (250, 350 e 450 kg), individualy housed in covered pens, during 60 days (four periods of 15 days). Each group of four animals were fed during four periods, with “Napier” grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and supplements constituted of four types of poultry litter (wood shavings, chopped corn cobs, coffee hulls and chopped and dry elephant grass “Cameroon”), urea and concentrate based […]