A 29-d experiment was carried out to evaluate the Saccharomyces cerevisiae (SC) as probiotic in diets for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) during the sexual reversion phase, under a sanitary challenge. Three hundred 2-d larvae averaging 8.9 ± 1.02 mg and 0.71 ± 0.09 cm were allotted to a completely randomized design with two treatments and six replicates in twelve 50 L-aquaria. Sanitary challenge consisted of a daily supply of 0.5 mL of fresh swine manure. Treatments consisted of a commercial […]

The effect of visual, chemical and the combination of both stimuli from Artemia nauplii and from microencapsulated diet on dry diet ingestion by pacu Piaractus mesopotamicus larvae was evaluated in this research. The experiment was analyzed as a 7 x 4 factorial arrangement (seven stimuli and four ages) with two replicates. It was observed effect of larvae age and stimuli, but no interaction (age ´ stimuli) was observed. The chemical effect from Artemia and both effects from Artemia resulted in […]

The aim of this experiment was to evaluate dietary protein requirements of freshwater angelfish fry. A complete randomized design with four dietary crude protein levels (34, 38, 42, and 46% of CP) and four replicates was used. Fish averaging 0.44±0.05 g were reared in sixteen 25L-aquarium with aeration, biological filter and controlled temperature (26 ± 0.5°C), in a stocking density of six fish/aquarium. Fish were fed ad libitum at 8:00 a.m., 11:00 a.m., 2:00 p.m, and 5:00 p.m, during 60 […]

This study aimed to describe the feeding and spatial behavior of beef heifers under rotational stocking, in response to the dynamics of the morphological functional types (TFs) in natural grassland. Stocking rate was adjusted to keep an average of 12% (12 kg DM/100 kg BW) of forage allowance. Animal activity was registered from 12 to 27 February 2003 using the Ethosys automatic device. Thirty permanent field sampling units comprised by five adjacent 0.20 x 0.20 m squares were used to […]

Four structures of data with different degree of genetic connectness and heterogeneity of parameters among herds: 1) heterogeneity of all parameters; 2) genetic means homogeneous and other parameters heterogeneous; 3) heterogeneity of phenotypic parameters and 4) no heterogeneity for herds, were simulated. After prediction of breeding values, the percentage of top animals common to group 1 (animals ranked by the true breeding values) and group 2 (animals ranked by the predicted breeding values) was calculated. For data with heterogeneity of […]

Data provided by the Brazilian Zebu Breeders Association (ABCZ), consisting of 21,762 records from 4,221 animals of Tabapuã cattle, weighted from birth to 550 days of age, were used to estimate covariance functions by random regression models using Legendre polynomials of order two to five. Models included the direct and maternal genetic, animal and maternal permanent environmental random effects and compared by Schwarz´s Bayesian information criteria (BIC) and Akaike´s information criteria (AIC). Both criterions suggested the model including direct genetic, […]

This study aimed to evaluate reproductive characteristics (sexual behavior, scrotal perimeter and quali-quantitative aspects of semen) of young and adults Alpine and Saanen male goats exposed to an artificial photoperiod (16 hours of light and 8 hours of darkness for 2 months). The young animals showed greater libido than the adults, based on the smallest time of reaction. Frequency of manifestation of the behavior traits varied between breeds and ages and higher intensity was observed on adult animals. Scrotal perimeter […]

The freezing ability of semen from Alpine and Saanen goats submitted to an artificial photoperiod exposure were evaluated by the thermo-resistance (TTR) and hypoosmotic (HOST) tests and integrity of the acrosome using eight male goats, four of each breed and two age groups (young and adults). The quality of semen during the freezing process was superior for the young animals of both breeds. Spermatic motility immediately after thawing showed a positive effect on TTR; animals with higher motility after collection […]

Data from 26.314 animals of Guzerá cattle, weighted every 90 days from birth to 630 days, between 1975 and 2001, were used to estimate covariance components by REML methodology using four different models. The first model was the complete one and included four random components: direct genetic (GA), maternal genetic (GM), maternal permanent environmental (AM) and the residual; model 2 did not include the GM effect; model 3 did not include the AM effect and model 4 did not include […]

The aim of this work was to evaluate arrays of fixed effects and residual covariance structures that best fit the herd and the animal variability to weights at birth, weaning, twelve and eighteen months of 3,690 Canchim animals. Different arrays of fixed effects (contemporary groups and, or the main effects of year, month or season of birth and sex) and different residual covariance structures (considering or not change of variance and of correlation between weights at different ages) were studied. […]