The objectives of this work were to evaluate effects of replacing corn by cassava by-product meal, in diets of Saanen lactating goats, on potencial, effective and corrected effective degradability of diets with steers, and on ruminal pH and ruminal ammonia, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) and milk urea nitrogen (MUN) concentrations in lactating goats. Two steers and four multiparous goats fitted with ruminal cannula and 100 days in milking were used. The design was a 4 x 4 Latin square and […]

This research was conducted to compare the internal markers: indigestible neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber, obtained after 144 h of in vitro (ivNDF, ivADF) and in situ (isNDF, isADF) rumen incubations; and the chromium oxide (Cr2O3) as external marker. The fecal output of dry matter and organic matter and the duodenal flow of crossbred steers, castrated and canulated in the rumen and in the duodenum. The steers were and fed with corn silage or the cassava hulls + […]

It was aimed to study the efficiency of microbial synthesis and ruminal parameters in bovine. It were used five 165 kg growing no-castrated Nellore bulls, rumen, abomasum and ileum fistulated.A randomized blocks design with four treatments and five collection periods was used. The treatments consisted of four concentrate levels (20, 40, 60 and 80%). The roughage used was Tifton 85′ (Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers.) Bermudagrass hay. The diets were isonitrogen with 15% of crude protein. The microbial marker used was […]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of two levels of soybean hulls and three sources of protein on the total and partial rumen and intestinal digestion. Six Holstein-Zebu steers averaging twelve months of age and 229 kg BW were fistulated in the rumen and in the abomasum and distributed in a 6×6 Latin square and fed ad libitum individually. The consumption and the total and partial digestibility of the nutrients were evaluated. There was no effect of the […]

The experiment was carried out to evaluate increasing crude protein (CP) levels in drylot lambs diet, and its effects on animal performance. Thirty two tricross lambs (1/2 Texel + ¼ Bergamácia + ¼ Corriedale), being 16 males and 16 females, with average age 5 months and live weight 30 kg, were fed for 57 days, with isoenergetic diets (72% TDN), but with different protein levels (12, 16, 20 and 24% PB). The animals were identified, weighted and distributed in the […]

The objectives of this work were to evaluate three protein sources – soybean meal, fish meal and feather meal – and two methods of calculation of rations – the calculated in terms of crude protein (CP), according to recommendations of NRC (1988); and the proposed by the AFRC (1993), and calculated in terms of metabolizable protein (MP) – through the performance of calves. The animals were confined and submitted to five diets, that varied only protein sources in its composition, […]

The objective of this paper was evaluate ammonia concentration, pH of ruminal liquid and microbial synthesis efficiency in diets with different energetic sources: corn (CO), corn/cassava hulls (CC), cassava root (CR) and cassava by-product flour (CB). Four Holstein steers (270 kg) were used, in a 4 X 4 Latin Square design. The marker utilized for determination of duodenal and fecal flow was the acid insoluble ash. There was not effect in the ruminal pH of the experimental diets, however smaller […]

Four ruminally fistulated Holstein, distributed in randomized blocks and fed with coastcross grass, were used. They were supplemented with 2 kg of concentrate containing ground soybean, put through the rumen fistula daily, at 7 a.m. and 6 p.m. Nylon bags were incubated into the rumen of each animal, and contained samples of each of the following feed: ground soybean (S); low fat ground soybean (LFS); ground low trypsin inhibitor soybean (LTIS); ground low fat and low trypsin inhibitor soybean (LFLTIS); […]

Fifty F1 Limousin x Nellore bulls were allotted to ten treatments, with five concentrate levels (25; 37.5; 50; 62.5 e 75%) and two diet protein balance methods (one isoprotein and the other changing protein as diet energy changed). The roughage used was Coastcross grass hay (Cynodon dactylon). After the slaughter, all animal body parts were weighted and sampled. The samples were dried, most of the fat was extracted with ether, grinded, and the concentrations of macrominerals were determined. Ca, P, […]

Groups of crossbred castrated and intact goats were slaughtered at 175, 220, 265 and 310 days of age. The effect of castration and slaughter age on physical-chemical, sensorial and aromatic properties was researched. Calcium content was influenced by castration; however, slaughter age had a significant effect on moisture, protein, iron, calcium and pH. Castration and slaughter age had no significant effect on phospholipids contents, but slaughter age affected the percentage of total cholesterol. Fatty acids were significantly affected by castration. […]