The objective this work was to evaluate the effect of protein supplements varying in ruminal degradabilities (high-75%, medium-55% and low-35%) fed at three levels (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 kg/day) on ruminal pH, N-NH3 and NDF degradability of forage, with steers grazing Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu during rainy season. The experiment design was a randomized complete block with three replications (grazing periods) and the supplemented treatments were arranged in a factorial 3 x 3. Ten rumen-fistuled crossbred steers with 463 kg […]

The objective of this study was to study the morphology and the localization of acid phosphatase at calves anterior small intestine, from birth to intestinal closure. Fifteen male dairy calves were used in this study, which were aged: unsuckled neonatal, three hours after colostrum ingestion and three days old. Vacuolated cells from duodenum to medium jejunum could be found in the newborn calf, which have shown absorbed material after colostrum ingestion. Changes at the morphological characteristics and the initiation of […]

Sorghum Agroceres 2005 (35.9% DM) was ensiled in 16 plastic experimental silos, forming four treatments: control, Sil-All (Streptococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus plantarum, amylase, hemicellulase, and cellulase), Silobac (L. plantarum, S. faecium, and Lactobacillus sp), and Pioneer 1174 (S. faecium and L. plantarum). Silos were opened 120 days after ensiling and silage was sampled to proceed chemical analyses. Sil-All, Silobac and Pioneer decreased dry matter content and increased ethylic alcohol concentration and DM losses compared to control. Sil-All increased NDF […]

The present work was carried out at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria to evaluate composition of the body and body weight gain. A experiment was conducted with 70% of corn silage and 30% of concentrate. Forty 3,5 years old Santa Gertrudis steers were used; four of them were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment and 36 were randomly assigned to the treatments and slaughtered at the end of the experimental period. From each carcass the 9th to 11th rib […]

Seven sheep fed S. guianensis hay were used to evaluate ruminal amino acid degradability, nitrogen balance and rumen volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations. Nylon bags technique was used for determination of the in situ degradabilities of amino acids. Bags were collected at 6, 24 and 48 hours after insertion. Duodenum and feces samples were used to determine amoniacal-N and non-amoniacal-N. To determine ruminal VFA concentrations, samples of 80 mL were collected immediately before feeding and 2, 4, 6 and 8 […]

Effects of adaptation periods to sodium lasalocid and its ionophorum levels were evaluated on ruminal fermentation, using four Holstein-Zebu cross-breed cows. Latin square was the experimental design used, with four periods of six weeks, in which isolated data from the first, second, third and fourth weeks were used to evaluate periods of adaptation, and the last two destined to eliminate residual effects. Treatments were no supplementation and supplementation with 50, 100 and 200 mg of sodium lasalocid/ head/day, and rumen […]

The results of using lactic acid bacteria in ensiling has been conflicting. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of microbially inoculated corn plant for silage production on total digestibility in wethers. Eight wethers were assigned to a cross-over design, with two periods (8 animals/treatment) and treatments were: control corn silage (28.6% DM and 9.6% CP, on average) or under inoculation with Pioneer 1174 product (Streptococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum). Each period extended for twenty-one days, the last five […]

Effects of feeding textured soy protein (TSP), in liquid form (through esophageal groove), or solid form (throughout concentrate) were studied in a Latin-square changeover 4 x 4 design. Four Holstein steers fitted with ruminal cannulas were used, weighting 100 kg of live weight at the beginning of the trial, to evaluate treatments consisting of increasing TSP levels in liquid form (0%, 33%, 66% and 100%) offered through nipple-pail, and decreasing levels in concentrate to keep the same amount of nitrogen […]

The localization of acid phosphatase at distal small intestine and its morphology were studied f0rom birth to intestinal closure from fifteen male dairy calves aged: unsuckled neonatal, three hours after colostrum ingestion and three days old. At birth, the presence of a large vacuole was found and it expanded all over the epithelial cells cytoplasm at distal jejunum and ileum. For colostrum fed calves, ingested material could be observed in the vacuole. The phosphatase acid reaction was detected in the […]

One type of commercial silo and three types of experimental silos were used for determination of chemical composition and fermentation characteristics of elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) (33.0% DM and 4.2% CP) ensiled in two different densities (400 or 600 kg of silage/m3): 1) commercial bunker silo sampled at 30 (top) and 60 (deep) cm from the top; 2) plastic silo with bulsen valve; 3) plastic bag; and 4) concrete pipe. A completely randomized design was used. The concrete pipe silo […]