ABSTRACT This study aimed to evaluate the effects of thermal processing and different carbohydrate sources on performance, development of digestive organs, and pancreatic enzyme activity in broiler chicks during the pre-starter phase. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement (pelleting or extrusion processing, and corn or sorghum) and included six replicates of 15 chicks each. The experimental diets were provided only during the pre-starter period (1–7 d). From 8 to 21 […]

ABSTRACT The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of the grain processing carried out by a device containing round and oblong holes attached to the inside of the forage harvester and evaluate its impact on the nutrient composition of corn silage, animal productivity, feeding behavior, apparent digestibility of the diet, and carcass traits of feedlot finished steers. The silages tested were: silage subjected to the grain processor (SGP) and silage not subjected to the grain processor (SNGP), which also […]

ABSTRACT This study evaluated the substitution of corn grain with white oat grain in finishing yearling bulls (initial weight of 259.4±31.7 kg and 18.0±0.2 months of age). The experimental design was completely randomized. The substitution levels of corn grain for white oat grain were 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100%. Diets comprised 85% of grains + 15% of a protein-vitamin-mineral pelleted supplement. The adaptation program consisted of ad libitum feeding of five diets over the adaptation period of 14 days, […]

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to determine the chemical composition, non-starch polysaccharides (NSP) content, in vitro digestibility of starch, apparent metabolizable energy (AME), nitrogen-corrected AME (AMEn), and apparent and apparent nitrogen-corrected coefficient of metabolizable energy (ACME and ACMEn) of three corn hybrids dried at different temperatures in the diets of broiler chickens. The energetic values were determined by the total collection of excreta method, using broilers from 11 to 21 d, placed in a completely randomized design in […]

ABSTRACT Our objective was to determine the effects of maturity and storage length on the fermentation pattern, ruminal disappearance of nutrients, and recovery of digestible nutrients in flint corn (Zea mays L.) silage harvested with a pull-type machine without a kernel processor. Corn plants were harvested at 300 g kg−1 DM (low dry matter, LDM) or 400 g kg−1 DM (high dry matter, HDM) and stored for 0, 7, 14, 30, 60, 90, 120, and 180 d in laboratory silos. […]

The effect of dietary carbohydrate (CHO) level on serum physiological response, hepatic antioxidant abilities and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) expression of Wuchang bream (Megalobrama amblycephala) was studied. Two isonitrogenous (28.56% crude protein) and isolipidic (5.28% crude lipid) diets were formulated to contain 30% or 53% wheat starch. Diets were fed for 90 days to fish in triplicate tanks (28 fish per tank). At the end of feeding trial, significantly higher serum triglyceride level, insulin level, cortisol level, and malondialdehyde […]

In this experiment the chlorophyll and carbohydrate contents of Arachis pintoi were evaluated to verify if the presence of nitrogen in the soil could contribute to the effectiveness of the establishment of this legume. The design was completely randomized, in a 4 × 4 factorial arrangement, with four N rates (0, 40, 80 and 120 kg ha-1) and four irrigation levels (25, 50, 75 and 100% of field capacity), with four replications. The biochemical evaluations of chlorophylls a and b […]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of different chemical forms of nitrogenous compounds (protein and non-protein) and carbohydrates (starch and soluble fiber) on intake, digestibility, and ruminal synthesis of microbial protein in cattle supplemented during rainy season. It was used five crossbred Holstein × Zebu steers, with average initial body weight of 211 ± 35 kg and fistulated in the rumen and abomasum. The treatments were: control (only pasture), and supplements based on corn + soybean […]

This work aimed to estimate the carbohydrate fractions in three sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cultivars in the presence or absence of irrigation, using the Cornell Net Carbohydrate and Protein System (CNCPS) equations. The utilization of a fibrous preparation called cell wall (CW) in the CNCPS equations instead of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) showed no differences in the B1 and C fractions; however, there were differences in the A and B2 fractions. Because estimates of B1 fraction were lower than wet […]

Although Pet food companies use important amounts of protein and carbohydrate sources, little scientific information was published about digestibility and metabolizable energy of these ingredients for dogs and cats. Rice and corn have been considered the better starch sources for these animals, but it was presented that sorghum is well digestible for dogs too. When interpreting scientific data the reader needs to consider the differences among studies that evaluated flour or refined starch or the usage of ground grain, as […]