Two females with colored urogenital organ, rounded off abdomen, color egg released, and uniform size and four males with semen released under abdomen pressure were selected to determine the best insemination dose for artificial fertilization of grey jundia, Rhamdia quelen (Quoy & Gaimardm, 1824), oocytes. Females and males received two doses of carp pituitary extract: the first one of 0.5 and 0.25 mg.kg-1 and the second of 5.0 and 2.5 mg.kg-1 for females and males, respectively. Both females produced 169 […]

This experiment was conducted to determine the dietary threonine requirements for Nile tilapia. The fishes (37.61 ± 1.16 of initial weight) were allotted to a completely randomized design with four treatments, three replicates and 25 fishes per experimental unit. It was used a reference diet with 27% of CP and 3,000 kcal of DE/kg, supplemented with L-threonine, resulting in diets with 0.92, 1.06, 1.21, and 1.35% of total threonine. Synthetic amino acids were added to mantain their profile according to […]

The objectives of this trial were to analyze the skin histology and to evaluate the influence of tanning technique and the direction removal of samples on skin quality of silver-plated carp (Hypophtalmichthys molitrix). Twenty-three fishes were sacrificed and the skin was removed for tanning. Samples of three fishes were settled in formol 10% and, after inclusion in paraffin, the samples were cut with approximately 5 mm of thickness and colored by the hematoxylin-eosin technique (HE). After skin tanning, the samples […]

This research evaluated the effect of different methods (fillet skin removal and tanning methods [with or without chromium salts and bioleather]) on leather resistance characteristics of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Skin from 40 tilapias (450 g) were removed: 20 by pliers and 20 by machine. After skin tanning, the samples were removed for resistance tests, which were done, in a climatized environment (23ºC) and 50% air relative humidity, with EMIC dynamometer, at removal speed of 100 ± 20 mm/mm. No […]

This experiment was carried out in a greenhouse during the spring to study combinations of nitrogen and sulphur rates on Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu growing in nutrient solution and using ground quartz as substrate. It was set in a fractionated 52 factorial arrangement, with five rates of nitrogen and five rates of sulphur. The resulting 13 combinations were, in mg L-1: 14 and 3.2, 14 and 32, 14 and 80, 126 and 12.8, 126 and 64, 210 and 3.2, 210 […]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of combined rates of N and S on signalgrass (Brachiaria decumbens) productive characteristics. This grass was collected in cylinders with soil + plants in a degrading pasture established in an Entisol. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, at Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, from November 2003 to March 2004. Five rates of N (0, 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg/dm3) were combined with five rates of S (0, 10, 20, […]

The trial was conducted to determine the influences of grazing intensity and grazing method on morphogenetic (leaf elongation rate, leaf appearance rate, leaf lifespan) and structural (number of green leaves, length of leaves and tiller density) traits in italian ryegrass sward. The experimental treatments stemmed from a 2 x 2 factorial combination of two grazing intensities and two grazing methods (continuous and rotational). The experimental design was completely randomized block with four replications. Thirty tillers were marked per experimental unit. […]

The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the productivity, tillering, leaf blade/stem ratio and chemical composition (CP, NDF and ADF) of three pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R. BR.) varieties (African, American and BN-2) submitted to three different cutting ages (35, 42 and 49 days). During the first growth period, a split-plot arrangement in a complete randomized block design was used with varieties being the main plots and cutting ages the subplots. During regrowth, a complete randomized design was […]

The objective of this work was to evaluate the influence of leaf/stem ratio (L/S) in the in situ dry matter degradability (ISDMD) of elephantgrass clones. The experiment was carried out at IPA Experimental Station, in Vitória de Stº. Antão, PE. Two groups of elephantgrass clones were studied: GROUP I (Cameroon, Mercker México, Três Rios, Elefante de Pinda and Guaçu/IZ), characterized by its high L/S ratio, and GROUP II (CE 08 A.D., Taiwan A-25, Goiano, CE 03 A.D. and Merc.), with […]

Data consisting of 47.668 records of a Nellore-Angus crossbred population, raised in several regions of Brazil, from 1991 to 2001, were used to estimate heritability for post-weaning daily gain (ADG) and for scrotal circumference at yearling age (SCY) using REML. Genetic and phenotypic trends for ADG were also estimated. The model used to estimate heritability and breeding values (BVs) for ADG included the fixed effects of breed composition (defined by the percentage of contribution of the Nellore breed of the […]