The ANKOM filter bag system was compared with the conventional filtration system (Van Soest) to determine acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) in different materials. In the first experiment five feeds (sugar cane, Marandu grass – Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, corn silage, citrus pulp and cattle feces) and four types of filter bags were compared. A completely randomized block design in a factorial scheme (5×4), with three replications, was used. The means obtained by the ANKOM system […]

Twenty four male castrated pigs, 45.95 kg of weight live, were used to determine the minimum fecal endogenous phosphorus losses, the rate of true absorption feed and the biological availability of various phosphate sources. A complete randomized block design, with six treatments and four replicates with one animal per experimental unit, was used. The diets were based on corn and soybean meal. The phosphorus supplement of the following sources were used: dicalcium (BIC); Tapira (TAP); Patos Minas (FPM); monoammonium (MAP) […]

This work was carried out, using 15 dairy cows (Holstein x Gyr) full fed isoproteic diets with 60% silage and 40% concentrate in the dry matter (DM) basis and 0, 0.7, 1.4, and 2.1% urea, correspondent to 2.08, 4.01, 5.76, and 8.07% of crude protein levels in the form of non protein nitrogen compounds (NNP), with the objectives to evaluate the intakes and the apparent digestibilities of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), total […]

The objective was to evaluate the effect of energetic supplementation on feed intake and ruminal fermentation of proteins in two protein levels in the diet (6 and 20%). There were used four rumen fistulated crossbred steers in a Latim square and the treatments were arranjed in a 2 ´ 2 factorial, in which the combinations were: A. only hay; B. hay + 2.8 kg of soybean meal; C. hay + 2.8 kg of corn meal; and D. hay + 2.8 kg of soybean meal + […]

The in vitro fermentation of the following food sources were evaluated: corn meal (CM), soybean meal (SM), wheat meaddlings (WM), sorghum (SO), corn gluten feed (CG) and urea (UR), incubated alone or with monensin, pure for analysis or comercial (Rumensin®). The experiment constituted of 18 experimental units (three energetic or proteic food sources ´ three antibiotic (control, monensin or rumensin) ´ two duplicates), and the following fermentation parameters were analyzed: pH, ammonia production, microbial protein, soluble protein and protein degradability. The incubations […]

The knowledge of the genetic relationships between the parameters of lactation curve and the milk yield is important for the selection of cows and sire. The records milk yield from 583 cows of the Guzerá breed, daughters of 165 sire, were used to estimate the lactation curve parameters by two mathematical models. Milk productions were obtained from the extracted base of data from National Animal Science Archive maintained by National Center for Dairy Research (Embrapa Gado de Leite). The analyses […]

A simulation model was used to evaluate productivity and efficiency of beef cow-calf systems in Rio Grande do Sul State with different heifers first calving age (CA, years) and calving rates (CR): “Traditional System” (TS) CA=4; “Improved System (IS)” CA=3; “One Year System (OYS)” CA=2. In each system it was studied the effect of CR varying from 50 to 90%. A statistic deterministic model was used. The effect of reducing CA on productivity and efficiency was dependent of CR. IS […]

The objective of this research was to study the economic effect of fingerlings I common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) population stocked in high densities on winter time with artificial supplementation and chemical manuring. A completely randomized design with four treatments (5; 10; 15 and 20 peixes/m2) and nine replicates. The fishes were stoked with average weight of 0.48 g and length. and 3.15 cm respectively in all treatments with 45 days of age. The diets were formulated with 27% PB […]

Forty-eight female pigs were used to determine the commercial cut yields after slaughter of the animals at 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, 100, 110 and 120 kg and dissection of the carcasses. Life ultrasonic measures were taken to measure the longissimus muscle area and for backfat thickness. The predictors used to estimate the lean meat yield were backfat thickness and longissimus muscle area. Besides the measures made in the different cuts, as ham cut weight, ham muscle weight, palette muscle […]

It was evaluated the caffeine contents of caffeine, tannins, lignin and silica in the hull and pulp of coffee of cultivars Catuaí, Rubi, Mundo Novo. Pulp was obtained by moist pulping in a mechanical pulper and dried in the sun adjusted to 13% moisture. Materials were stored in raffia bag in environment free of moisture and ventilated with samplings every 90 days. The quadratic effect shown increased caffeine content along 360 day storage, this increase was of 11,7% along 12 […]