Four hundred and eighty broilers were assigned to a completely randomized design with a 6×2 arrangement (six levels of manganese and 2 sexes – male and female) and four replicates to determine the manganese requirements in the growing (22 to 42 days) and finishing (43 to 54 days) phases. Six and four birds per experimental unit, respectively, were used in the first and second trials. In both trials, the treatments consisted of a basal diet deficient in manganese (6.5 ppm) […]

Three hundred and eighty-four birds, half males and half females, were used to determine the copper (Cu) requirement for broilers in the initial phase (from 8 to 21 days). A basal diet was formulated to meet the bird nutritional requirements, except for Cu, that was deficient at 1.47 ppm level. The treatments consisted of Cu supplementation levels, from Cu sulfate, in a total of 1.47, 4.97, 8.47, 11.97, 15.47 and 18.97 ppm Cu in the diet. Weight gain, feed intake, […]

Two experiments, with 288 and 196 birds, half males and half females, respectively, were carried out to determine the copper (Cu) requirements for broilers in the growing (from 22 to 42 days) and finishing (from 43 to 54 days) phases. Two basal diets were formulated to meet the bird nutritional requirements, except for Cu, that was deficient at the levels of 1.40 and 1.33 ppm, respectively. The treatments of both experiments consisted of the Cu supplementation levels, from Cu sulfate, […]

Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), phosphorus (P), potassium (K), calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD) contents were assessed in the leaf blade and stem + leaf sheath fractions of Tanzaniagrass (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania-1) managed at four sward heights (20, 40, 50 and 65 cm). The grazing method was the continuous stocking and variable stocking rate, and used Nelore steers with an average weight of 340 kg. The […]

It was evaluated the effect of four levels forage cactus in replacement of sorghum silage, in diets of lactating Holstein cows, on the apparent digestibility of dry matter (ADDM), organic matter (ADOM), crude protein (ADCP), ether extract (ADEE), neutral detergent fiber (ADNDF) and acid (ADADF), total carbohydrates (ADTCH) and nonfiber carbohydrates (ADNFC), content of total digestible nutrients (TDN) and apparent absorption of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), potassium (K) and sodium (Na). Eight Holstein cows averaging 590 kg and producing 27 […]

The effects of nitrogen and potassium fertilization on elephantgrass – Napier cv. were evaluated. An incomplete N x K factorial arrangement was studied in randomized block design with three replications with seven N levels (20, 50, 100, 200, 300, 350 and 380 kg/ha) and seven K levels (16, 40, 80, 160, 240, 280 and 304 kg/ha). The fourteen N and K combinations were obtained according to the Box Berard Matrix, increased 3, with an extra point. The elephantgrass – Napier […]

The amount of Ca, P, Mg, K and Na of the soils, and the levels of these elements and S of the forages predominant in the pastures and water, were studied in the North and Northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro State, in the dry (June-July) and rainy (December-January) seasons. Samples were collected from soil, forages and water from 12 different places of the regions, in predominant grazing areas, as showed by satellite photography and according to different soil characteristics. […]

The levels of organic matter and aluminum and the pH of the predominant soils in the North and Northwest regions of Rio de Janeiro State were studied during the dry (June-July) and rainy (December-January) seasons of the year. Samples of soil were collected from 12 different places of the regions, in predominant grazing areas, as determined by satellite photography and according to different soil characteristics. The aluminum contents of the sample extracts were determined by spectrometry, on an inductive plasma […]

The effects of different dietary concentrate levels on the net requirements of Ca, P, Mg, Na and potassium (K) were studied. Twenty-nine F1 Simental x Nellore bulls, averaging 17 months of age and initial LW of 354 kg, were used. Five animals were slaughtered at the beginning of the experiment as a reference and the remainders were allotted to a completely randomized design, according to the different dietary concentrate levels: 25.0, 37.50, 50,0, 62.5, and 75.0%. The animals were were […]

This study was to evaluate the effects of different levels of forage in the diet on the intake and apparent absorption of calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), magnesium (Mg), potassium (K) and sodium (Na). Thirty five pure Holstein bull calves, 60 days old with initial average live weight (LW) of 78 kg, were allotted in a completely randomized experimental design with nine replicates per diet, except for the 10% forage diet, with eight replications. The animals were ad libitum fed with […]