The lignin extracted from the forages by the acetyl bromide reagent (acetyl bromide lignin – AcBrL) to be used as a reference standard for the quantitative spectrophotometric determination of lignin could not originate from intact plant because of interference of other substances, which absorb ultraviolet light at the same wavelength of lignin. It is then recommended that lignin extraction be performed in one of the following materials: cell wall itself (CW), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), or acid detergent fiber (ADF). […]

The twenty studied genotypes of sorghum were cultivated and ensiled at 104 days of age, at dough grain phase, using “PVC” lab silos, presenting 10 cm diameter and 40 cm length. The silos were opened at 150 days after ensiling. A completely randomized experimental design was used. In the studied material (fresh and ensiled) the values of neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), hemicellulose, cellulose, lignin, total ash, dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and alcool soluble carbohydrates […]

A field trial was carried out to evaluate the effect of nitrogen (N) levels (0, 60, 120 e 180 kg/ha) and sowing methods (broadcast and .40, .80, and 1.20 m between rows) on dry matter yield (DMY), tiller densities and crude protein content, and minerals (P, K, Ca and Mg) of the material of post harvesting of the millet seed. A completely randomized block experimental design with the treatment in a split plot arrangement was used, with the sowing methods […]

In a degraded pasture of Tobiatã grass (Panicum maximum Jacq cv. Tobiatã), in Pirassununga – SP, an experiment was carried out to observe the effects of levels and types of limestone with or without incorporation on the tillering, ground cover and pasture productivity during six cuts from 1996 to 1997. There was no response in the dry matter yield to by the levels and types of limestone, however the practice of limestone incorporation using harrow was effective, and based in […]

A field plot experiment was conducted, in a split plot design with 12 replications to compare the percentages of crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fibber (NDF) and in vitro dry matter disappearance (IVDMD), of the whole plant and its leaf blades and stems of the grasses Marandu (Brachiaria brizantha Stapf. cv. Marandu), Setaria (Setaria sphacelata cv. Kazungula ) and Tanzania (Panicum maximum Jacq. cv. Tanzania-1) in cuts taken at 35 days of growth in the spring (11/21 to 12/25/97), summer […]

A field plot experiment was conducted in the Instituto de Zootecnia, Nova Odessa-SP, in a split plot design with 12 replicates, to compare, in the grasses marandu (Brachiaria brizantha Stapf. cv. Marandu), setaria (Setaria sphacelata cv. Kazungula) and tanzania (Panicum maximum cv. Tanzania-1): dry matter yield, dry matter percentage, sward height, leaf blade percentage, apical meristem height, in cuts at 35 days of growth, in the spring (21/11 to 25/12/97), summer (29/12/97 to 02/02/98), fall (13/04 to 18/05/98) and winter […]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate the characteristics of the silage of the star grass (Cynodon nlemfuensis Vanderyst) with or without addition of citric pulp and submitted to different wilting time. The grass was harvested after 45 days of sprouting and stored for 35 days. The treatments were: 1 – ensilage immediately after the cut, 2 – ensilage immediately after the cut with the addition of 4% citric pulp, 3 – ensilage after wilting for one hour, 4 – ensilage […]

The objective of this experiment was to study the carcass traits and their correlation with the tissue composition. Twenty-two intact male lambs, sired by Texel males, from crossbreed Texel -Ideal dams were used. At the beginning of the experiment (24 hours after birth), four lambs were slaughtered to serve as reference and a group of six lambs were slaughtered at weaning time and at 28 and 33 kg LW. The lambs were confined in individual stall with their respective mothers […]

An equation based on heat transfer theory was presented to estimate the rate of heat loss from cattle exposed to a tropical environment, specified by the air temperature, humidity, solar radiation, and wind speed. The animals’ variables (sweating rate, rectal temperature, respiratory rate, surface temperature, haircoat color, and body weight) were considered together with environmental variables (air temperature and humidity, solar radiation, wind speed, and globe temperature). The equation allows the prediction of (a) the metabolic heat production level necessary […]

The work was carried out to evaluate the plasma N-urea concentration (NUP), the urea fractional excretion (UFE) and the creatinine (CE) and urea (EU) excretions for several experimental conditions; to establish the relation among NUP, the urea fractional excretion and the urea excretion with the dietary crude protein (CP) and NDF percentage; and to evaluate the urinary endogenous losses, by means of the creatinine excretion determination. In the experiments I and II, diets with 25.0, 37.5, 50.0, 62.5, and 75.0% […]