The dry matter (DMD), organic matter (OMD) and gross energy digestibility (GED) and the total digestible nutrient (TDN) of the total ration were evaluated. The ration was composed by 44.3% of Brachiaria hay, 55% of concentrate and 0.7% of mineral mixture, supplied to different genetic groups (Gyr, Nellore, Guzerat, Santa Gertrudis and Caracu), using total collection of feces and the internal marker (lignin in acid detergent – ADL) as the digestibility techniques. The data were analyzed in a completely randomized […]

The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of two experimental periods and two forage levels in the diet on the total and parcial apparent digestibility of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), gross energy (GE) and starch. Four Holstein steers, averaging two years old and 340 kg of body weight, ruminally and duodenally cannulated, were used. The experimental design was a 4 x 4 latin square […]

The objectives of this research were to evaluate the effects of two forage levels and two experimental periods on the microbial efficiency, ruminal ammonia concentration, the ruminal pH, duodenal nitrogen (N) flux and digestibility. Four Holstein steers, two years old and 340 kg of body weight, ruminally and duodenally cannulated, were used. The experimental design was a 4 x 4 latin square and animals received four treatments as folowing: two levels of forage (70 and 30%) and two experimental periods […]

The effect of diets content 50% of corn silage and 50% of concentrate, resultant of combination of starch sources of high degradability (dried cassava hulls) and low degradability (corn), with nitrogen sources of high degradability (yeast) and low degradability (cottonseed meal and meat and bone meal), on pH, ammonia and microbial efficiency, was evaluated. Four Holstein steers (334 kg), fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas, in a 4 x 4 Latin Square experimental design were used. Intake was limited to […]

Total and partial digestibility of diets combining the starch sources of high degradability (dried cassava hulls) and low degradability (corn), with nitrogen sources of high (yeast) and low (cottonseed meal and meat and bone meal) degradability, in a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, were evaluated. Four Holstein steers (334 kg) fitted with ruminal and duodenal cannulas, in a 4 x 4 Latin Square were used. Chromic oxide was used as a marker for drying matter flow. Interactions of starch and […]

Thirty-nine crossbreed Holstein-Gyr steers were used aiming to evaluate the influence of compensatory growth on body content and on net and dietary requirements of calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, and potassium of bovines. Thirty animals were submitted to a high pasture stocking rate, while nine had free access to the pasture (continuous growth group), during 114 days. After that, six animals from the first group and three from the second group were slaughtered, and the remaining animals were feedlot confined. From […]

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the effects of sex(males x females) and four slaughter weights (28, 32, 36 and 40 kg) on the perfomance, carcass traits and economic results from crossbred lambs, finished in feedlot. Fourty ½ Ile de France x ½ Corriedale lambs (20 males and 20 females), were weaned at 60 days of age and were full fed a diet with 16.46% CP and 67.63% TDN. They were divided in four male groups (G1M, G2M, G3M […]

Using a linear statistical model (GLM/SAS) the reproductive performance and growth of 480 Nellore heifers were evaluated from the age of 7.5 to 17/18 months under four feeding systems during the dry period (96/05 to 96/10): Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture (B); Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture + Anipro (BA); Pennisetum americanum cv. (L.) Leeke (Pearlmillet) (M) and Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu pasture + Sal Ouro (BS). At the end of supplementation all heifers were moved to a paddock of […]

The experiment was conducted to evaluate the performance of beef heifers with average age of ten months and average initial weight of 200 kg, grazing cultivated annual temperate grasses mixtures supplemented with salt plus lasalocid or salt. Spread sowing ocurred on 04/21/95, being the area fertilized with 200 kg/ha of 05-30-15. Nitrogen fertilization in the form of urea (175 kg/ha of N) was subdivided in four applications. The establishment of the pasture occured from 04/21 to 06/08 and the experimental […]

The ammonia is a highly irritant gas which cause stress to the birds, leading to weight losses, or even their death. For that reason, there is a great interest on determining the amount of ammonia liberated from the litter, as well as the factors which influence the production of this substance, but most methods require expensive equipment or are relative complex. Therefore, the present work was idealized with the aim of develop and standardize a simple and unexpensive methodology, usefull […]