The objective of this trial was to evaluate the compensatory growth and biometrical measurements on lambs feed restricted or ad libitum fed. In the first of two periods of 60 days, 18 7/8 Ile de France x 1/8 Ideal female lambs were assigned to three treatments in a completely randomized design as follows: 1) no feed restriction (ad libitum fed), 2) 30% of feed restriction or 3) 60% of feed restriction calculated as proportion of the ad libitum fed group […]

The objective of this trial was to compare different time intervals of chewing activity observation on lactating Saanen goats receiving diets containing cocoa meal or palm cake. Five goats averaging 41.6 of body weight were housed in individual pens and fed a diet containing corn and soybean meal as concentrate or diets in which corn and soybean meal was partially replaced by 15 and 30% of cocoa meal or palm cake (% DM). A 5 x 5 Latin square with […]

The present experiment was carried out to determine the different stages during ontogenesis of greater sensitivity to hormonal treatments of sex reversal of Nile tilapia larvae (Oreochromis niloticus) with 17 a-metiltestosterone (MT) by bath immersion in 2.0 mg of MT.L-1 for 36-h period. In the hormonal treatment, 3,000 Nile tilapia were allotted to 15 2 L- plastic containers (experimental units) as a complete randomized design, with five treatments and three replicates. The treatments consisted of the fish immersion at different […]

Performance and age distribution of 1,075 cows were recorded during five years (May 1994 to May 1999) in a herd with an extensive cow-calf system in the Pantanal region. During this period new management technologies were introduced with the objective of modify the traditional system and improve herd production. Cows were identified and after pregnancy checking they were maintained or culled from the herd depending on the overall evaluation of the reproductive performance. Data were modeled using generalized estimating equation […]

This research was conducted to compare the accuracy of two mathematical models to predict calcium (Ca) metabolism in sheep supplemented with different Ca sources. Twenty Brazilian male sheep averaging 7 to 8 months of age were fed a basal diet containing corn, soybean meal, hydrolyzed sugarcane bagasse, urea, mono-ammonium phosphate, mineral mixture and one of the following Ca sources: limestone (LM), alfalfa hay (AH), dicalcium phosphate (DP), oyster shell meal (SM), and citrus pulp (CP). On day 22 each animal […]

Intake, digestibility of nutrients, daily weight gain, and feed conversion were evaluated in beef cattle receiving diets containing the following ratios of sorghum silage:Tifton 85 haylage: 0:100; 32:68; 66:34; and 100:0. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous (12% crude protein) with a forage:concentrate ratio of 60:40, on DM basis. Twenty-four crossbred Holstein x Zebu steers averaging 360 kg of initial body weight were distributed in a completely randomized block design with 15 days for diet adaptation followed by three experimental […]

Four crossbred Holstein x Zebu steers fitted with ruminal and abomasal cannulas were randomly assigned to a 4 x 4 Latin square to evaluate the effects of feeding corn or sorghum silages with and without microbial inoculant on intake, ruminal metabolism, total and partial digestibility of nutrients, and digesta passage rate. Diets contained, dry matter (DM) basis, a forage to concentrate ratio of 63:37. No significant differences were observed on the intakes of DM, crude protein (CP), and total digestible […]

Twelve lactating dairy cows (Holstein and crossbred Holstein x Zebu) were blocked by days in milk and randomly assigned to three replicate 4 x 4 Latin squares to compare two schedules of total fecal collection (two versus six days) and the reliability of two internal markers [indigestible neutral detergent fiber (INDF) or indigestible acid detergent fiber (IADF)] to estimate fecal DM excretion (FDME), apparent total tract digestibility of nutrients, and the total digestible nutrients (TDN) content of the diets. The […]

The objective of this trial was to evaluate the effects of replacing soybean meal with urea on performance, carcass traits, and intake and digestibility of nutrients in steers. Microbial protein synthesis and efficiency were also measured in this trial. Sixteen steers averaging 286 kg of BW were assigned to a completely randomized design with a 2×2 factorial approach: two protein sources (soybean meal and urea) and two levels of concentrate (0.75 and 1.25% of BW); four replicates per treatment were […]

The objective of this trial was to study the behavior of lactating Holstein cows grazing pasture containing elephantgrass (Pennisetum purpureum Schum.) and a mixture of black oat (Avena strigosa Schreb.) plus ryegrass (Lolium multiflorum Lam.). Data from six early to mid lactating cows were collected every 10 minutes interval by two observers (from 6 p.m. to 6 a.m. and from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m.) at three grazing cycles: 06/17, 08/04, and 09/16 of 2004. The following variables were measured: […]