The evaluated animals were raised in grazing system without supplementation in the dry season, from 1988 to 1996. A total of 587 observations of days open (DO) was taken from the archives of the regional technical office of ABCZ (Escritório Técnico Regional da ABCZ) in Fortaleza – CE and from zootechical registers of the Farm Entre Rios. The GLM procedure of the SAS Program was used to analyze the data. The model included the sire of the cow random effect, […]

Records from an unselected flock of Morada Nova sheep collected over an 11-year period (1981 to 1991) were used to evaluate environmental sources of variation affecting growth traits. The effects of year of birth to yearling (A), sex of lamb (S), type of birth (T), and weigth of ewe at lambing (P) were important sources of variation to explain differences in weigth at birth (PN), weaning (PD), six- months (PM6) and 12 months (PM12) of age. Males were heavier than […]

The data used in this study are from the first five lactations of 1,406 cows of the Mantiqueira Ecotype, daughters of 113 sires, with calving from 1952 to 1997. The total milk yield (PL), fat production (PG), lactation period (DL), and days dry (PS) were obtained from NPZGJRA/IZ/APTA/SAA. Based on the genetic values predictions, for each studied feature selection differentials and genetic trends were estimated though four selection paths of selection: bulls to breed bulls (SB), cows to breed bulls […]

This experiment was carried out to evaluate the performance and carcass characteristics of broilers fed diets with different lysine and threonine levels, in the final phase (42 to 56 days of age). Nine hundred and seventy two male chickens were randomly assigned to nine treatments on a fatorial 3×3 (three threonine levels; 0.70; 0.77 and 0.84% and three lysine levels; 0.94; 1.04 and 1.14%), with four replicates by treatment, of 27 birds each. Weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion, carcass […]

With the aim of altering body composition, diets with different protein levels (12 and 18 CP) were offered to breeding gilts from 100 to 221 days of age. During this period, body weight, backfat thickness, oestrus manifestation, characteristics of reproductive tract and nitrogen balance were evaluated. Nitrogen balance was measured during two metabolism trials (at 136 and at 201 days of age). In both trials, gilts fed 18% CP showed higher nitrogen intake, retention and excretion and higher plasmatic and […]

Two experiments were carried out to determine the nutritional requirement of total lysine for Ross broiler chickens from one to 21 and 22 to 40 days of age, of both sexes. The parameters evaluated were weight gain, feed intake, feed conversion and carcass evaluation. In each experiment, a completely randomized experimental design, in a 2 x 6 (two sexes and six dietary lysine levels) factorial arrangement with six replicates, using a total of 1440 birds, was used. The basal diets […]

Two experiments were carried out to determine the ideal levels of crude protein (CP) for Ross broiler chickens from one to 21 and 22 to 42 days of age, of both sexes. The parameters evaluated were weight gain (WG), feed intake (FI), feed:gain ratio (F/G) and carcass evaluation (CV). In the starting phase (1 to 21 days of age), different protein levels (20.00; 20.50; 21.00; 21.50; 22.00 and 22.50%) were used in diets containing 1.27% total lysine. In growing phase […]

Eighty broiler chicks, Naked neck (Na/na) and Hubbard-Pettersen strains, were exposed to acute heat stress (36-37°C), from 2 to 5 days of age, and body weight and cloacal temperature were measured in the beginning and at the end of the heat stress period (5 h). Birds were sacrificed at the end and liver and brain samples were collected and analyzed using Western Blotting and Northern Blotting to quantify Hsp70 levels and mRNA Hsp70 transcript, respectively. The brain tissue had higher […]

Twenty four male castrated pigs, 45.95 kg of weight live, were used to determine the minimum fecal endogenous phosphorus losses, the rate of true absorption feed and the biological availability of various phosphate sources. A complete randomized block design, with six treatments and four replicates with one animal per experimental unit, was used. The diets were based on corn and soybean meal. The phosphorus supplement of the following sources were used: dicalcium (BIC); Tapira (TAP); Patos Minas (FPM); monoammonium (MAP) […]

The objective of this study was to determine prediction equations for crude protein (CP) requirements for males and females broilers using the factorial method. In order to determine the crude protein for the maintenance was used the nitrogen balance technique. The crude protein requirements for weight gain were determined based on body nitrogen content and nitrogen utilization efficiency for the diet. Considering the requirements for maintenance and weight gain were elaborated prediction equations for CP requirements (g/bird/day) for males broilers […]