Two hundred and fifty six curimbatá (Prochilodus affins) fingerlings averaging initial weight of 2.72 ± 0.11 g, stocked in 32 aquariums (100 L) with water renewal, controlled temperature and individual aeration, were used to determine the dietary crude protein (CP) requirements, according to the digestible energy level (DE). The experiment was carried out in to a 4 x 2 factorial scheme (four CP levels: 18.0, 22.0, 26.0 and 30.0% combined with two DE levels: 2,700 and 3,000 kcal/kg), according to […]

The effects of feeling tilapia filleting by-product meal (TF) for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis Niloticus L.) during the sexual reversion phase were evaluated. Three hundred and seventy-five 2-3-d larvaes were allotted to 25 30L-aquariums, according to a complete randomized design with five treatments of five replications. Aquarium with 15 larvae comprised the experimental unit. Diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic and contained 38.6% of digestible protein and 3,800 kcal of ED/kg, on increasing levels of TF (0, 5, 10, […]

This experiment was conducted to evaluate different levels of digestible energy on the performance of Nile tilapia larvae (Oreochromis niloticus) during the sexual reversion phase. Three hundred and seventy-five larvae with initial average length and weight of 21.0±4.0 mg and 1.19±0.72 cm, respectively, were allotted to 25 30L-aquarium. A completely randomized design with five treatments and five replicates was used. The aquarium with 15 larvae was the experimental unit. The diets were formulated to contain levels of 3,300, 3,525, 3,750, […]

This trial was carried out to evaluate the effects of feeding Tilapia fillet by-products meal (TF) for piauçu (Leporinus macrocephalus) fingerlings. One hundred and twenty-five fingerlings averaging weight of 0.19 ± 0.004 g and length of 2.37 ± 0.28 cm were assigned to a completely randomized design with five treatments of five replicates. The diets were formulated to contain levels of 0, 5, 10, and 15% of TF and 0% of TF plus methionine. Diets were fed at 10% of […]

This work was carried out with the objective of evaluate four stocking densities of bullfrog (post-metamorphic) in mini-stalls. The densities studied were D1: 75 bullfrogs/m² (initial) and 35 bullfrogs/m² (finishing); D2: 105 bullfrogs/m² (initial) and 50 bullfrogs/m² (finishing); D3: 125 bullfrogs/m² (initial) and 60 bullfrogs/m² (finishing); and D4: 160 bullfrogs/m² (initial) and 75 bullfrogs/m² (finishing). The performance trial was carried out with 558 bullfrogs averaging initial weight of 26.80 g, during 56 days, according to a completely randomized blocks design […]

The current work aimed to evaluate the ideal diet level for yellow tail lambari (Astyanax bimaculatus) fingerlings on body weight percentage. Two hundred and forty fingerlings averaging initial weight of 0.52 ± 0.05 g were allotted to 24 hapas according to a completely randomized blocks with six treatments and four replicates. A 1000 L-tank with 6 hapas was considered the block. A hapa with 10 fingerlings was considered the experimental unit. The treatments consisted of increasing feeding levels: 1, 4, […]

The objetive of this study was to verify differences among forages species in relation to the percentage of identifiable fragment as affected by the digestion process and season. Fresh last expanded leaf lamina samples of the species Melinis minutiflora Pal. de Beauv (Molassesgrass), Hyparrhenia rufa (Nees) Stapf. (Jaraguagrass), Brachiaria decumbens Stapf. (Signalgrass), Imperata brasilienses Trin. (Sapegrass), and foliar laminas of Medicago sativa L. (Alfalfa) and Schinus terebenthifolius Raddi (Aroeira), sampled in the rainy and dry seasons, were digested in vitro […]

The botanical composition of pre-established mixtures of six forages species was estimated after in vitro digestion times and compared with the real composition. Three mixtures of six species of known participations were made up in the rainy and dry seasons and estimated through the microhistological technique. The sampling season interfered with the estimates of only one of the mixtures. In spite of the statistical differences between the real composition of the mixtures and their estimates, the similarity indices for the […]

To evaluate the pattern of defoliation in a Mombaça (Panicum maximum) grass pasture, experimental paddocks were grazed by Holstein heifers to maintain canopy height of: 60, 80, 100, 120 and 140 cm height. The experimental design was completely randomized, with two replications. The assessed sward structures were: canopy height; herbage and leaf lamina mass; canopy, sheath plus stems and leaves bulk density; tiller density and number and length of fully-expanded and emerging leaves. Linear decrease in plant defoliation probability (Y= […]

This work had the objective to evaluate phenological and productive aspects of native (Adesmia latifolia, A. tristis) and exotics legumes (Lotus corniculatus, L. uliginosus, Trifolium repens) as for the phenological stage on first-cutting: vegetative (CEV) and flowering (CEF). The plants were established as monoculture in the field and evaluated between May/2000 and September/2001, in Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul. After the first cutting the plants were defoliated in 45 days intervals. There were nine cuttings in CEV-management and seven […]