This work aimed to evaluate the effect of protein source origin and lysine and methionine or phosphorus and calcium supplementation to Nile tilapia during sex reversal phase. Two hundred fries were assigned to a completely randomized design with four treatments and five replications, in twenty 12 L aquarium. One aquarium with 10 Nile tilapia fry was considered an experimental unit. Morning and afternoon temperatures, dissolved oxygen, pH and electric conductivity was 22.6 ± 0.1ºC, 24.1± 0.4ºC; 6.77 ± 0.38 mg/L, […]

With the purpose of re-evaluating seventeen pigeon-pea lines originated from accessions previously selected for favorable agronomic characteristics, experiments were installed in five locations of the State of São Paulo. The confirmation of those characteristics was necessary because the original accessions presented various degrees of mechanical mixtures and segregation and were submitted to purification process in pollination controlled conditions. In those trials, the lines were cut in several occasions to evaluate forage yield. Each time, it was determined the number of […]

An experiment was carried out to evaluate the effect of irrigation, followed by increasing levels of nitrogen and potassium (100-80; 200-160; 300-240; 400-320, respectively N and K2O), on the production and chemical composition of the leaf lamina at the elephantgrass. The experimental delineation was of blocks randomized with three repetitions for treatments irrigated and dry land. The low temperatures and the smallest light hours in the dry season determined the low plant forage growth, even with the irrigation. However, in […]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the quality of the differed pasture of Brachiaria decumbens under grazing in the dry season. Samples were collected by the total harvesting (TH), hand-plucking sample (HPS) and Extrusa (EXT) collected using four Holstein-Zebu steers, with esophageal fistula. The samples were analysed for dry matter content (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), mineral matter (MM), total (TC) and non-fibrous carbohydrates (NFC), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), neutral detergent fiber corrected for ash and protein (NDFap), […]

In order to delineate efficient grazing systems it is important to periodically assess the herbage mass at the farm level. However, the knowledge concerning both, the number of samplings that should be performed and the quadrat (size and format) that should be used in these evaluations remains incomplete. In this context, three experiments were delineated to evaluate the effect of the number of samplings (varying from two to nine) and the dimension:format ratio of the quadrat (.25, 1.0, 2.0, and […]

The objective of this trial was to evaluate morphogenic response of Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Paspalum urvillei Steud., under levels of nitrogen fertilization (100, 200 and 300 kg/ha of N). Steers grazing this pasture received different energy levels supplementation (0.0, 0.4 and 0.8% of live weight [LW]), respectively, for the fertilization levels. A completely randomized design was used, where 90 tillers were evaluated by treatment (45 of each specie by replicate). Marked tillers were used to evaluate elongation, appearance and […]

The accumulated productivity (ACP) is an index that takes into account the total weight of calves weaned per cow (in kg), total time required for producing the calves and age at first calving. A study was conducted to estimate the components of genetic and residual variance and estimate the heritability of ACP index. Data set consisted of 2,816 observations of Nelore cows raised in different farms of the Brazilian North and Northeast. These farms participate in the Genetic Improvement Program […]

The objectives of this work were to estimate the genetic parameters and the genetic trends of the direct and maternal effects for the trait days to gain 160 kg (D160) in the pre-weaning period, and of the direct effect for the trait days to gain 240 kg (D240) in the post-weaning period, of animals of Nellore breed, born from 1965 to 2001 in the Northeast region of Brazil. The analyses were carried out using the MTDFREML software. For D160 the […]

An interval mapping procedure based on the random model approach was applied to investigate its robustness and properties for QTL mapping in populations with prevailing half-sib structures. Under random model, QTL location and variance components were estimated using maximum likelihood procedures. The estimation of parameters was based on sib-pair approach. The proportions of genes identical-by-descent (IBD) at the two QTLs were estimated from the IBD at two flanking marker loci. Estimates for QTLs parameters (locations and variance components) and power […]

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of inclusion of coconut meal (CM) in diets for laying hens. Two hundred and forty laying hens at 43 weeks of age were assigned to a randomized block design, with five treatments and eight replicates of six birds per treatment. The treatments consisted of five isoprotein (16.5% CP) and isocaloric (2,800 kcal ME/kg) diets containing 0%, 5%; 10%; 15% and 20% CM. The experiment was carried out for 112 days and the […]