This paper examines the role that oxidative stress plays in small ruminant medicine. We will examine how redox homeostasis is involved in some physiological functions and we will discuss the implications of the impairment of oxidative status on small ruminant health and production.

Brazil is an important world leader in animal yield, but to maintain this status, needs to invest heavily in research to increase animal productivity. For Animal Breeding purpose, Brazil has many groups that develop important studies. Those studies ranging from estimating components of variation and genetic parameters, statistical modeling, and molecular markers applied to animal breeding. Thus, this review aims to summarize the research in animal breeding in Brazil through the first decade of the 21st century, which can indicate the progress and […]

Thirty mid lactating Holstein cows (159 DIM) were used to evaluate the substitution of ground corn with gluten feed (FGM-21) in total mixed diets containing corn silage as the main forage and citrus pulp as part of the energy source. Treatments were: no FGM-21 and 20% ground corn in total feed DM (FGM 0), 10% FGM-21 and 10% ground corn in total feed DM (FGM 10), and no corn and 20% FGM-21 in total feed DM (FGM 20). The parameters […]

The intake, the apparent digestibility of nutrients and the ingestion behavior of four Holstein steers with average weight of 300 kg and 20 months of age, receiving diets containing Tifton 85 hay with different particle sizes (5, 7, 10 mm and whole) were evaluated. A 4 × 4 Latin square experimental design with four steers and four periods was used. Intakes of dry matter, organic matter, crude protein, ether extract, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, total carbohydrates and non-structural […]

The dynamics of phosphorus in the body of Santa Ines lambs fed diets with different levels of this mineral was evaluated, considering the correlations among the levels of phosphorus consumed, in plasma; in saliva, in rumen contents, in feces, and in urine. Eighteen lambs were used with five mo old and 27 kg BW. The experiment was divided into two periods of five weeks, each with nine animals. The animals were individually kept in cages of metabolism study and were […]

Forages are essential for the successful operation of animal production systems. This is more relevant to ruminants which are heavily dependant upon forages for their health and production in a cost-effective and sustainable manner. While forages are an economical source of nutrients for animal production, they also help conserve the soil integrity, water supply and air quality. Although the role of these forages for animal production could vary depending upon the regional preferences for the animal and forage species, climate […]

The objective of this trial was to study the effects of enramycin and sodium monensin administration on total digestibility of diet nutrients and digestible dry matter intake in bovine. Twelve non-pregnant and non-lactating cows (675 kg ± 63 BW) were randomly assigned to three treatments: control group, enramycin-treated group or monensin-treated group. Animals received a diet containing 60% of concentrates (corn, soy bean meal and minerals) and 40% of forage (sugarcane). Treatments were 20 mg/animal/day of enramycin or 300 mg/animal/day […]

The objective of this research was to study the effects of enramycin and sodium monensin administration on dry matter intake, ruminal fermentation and alimentary behavior in bovine. Twelve non-pregnant and non-lactating cows (675 kg ± 63 of BW) were randomly assigned to three treatments: control group, enramycin treated group or monensin treated group. Animals received a diet containing 60% of concentrates (corn, soybean meal and minerals) and 40% of forage (sugarcane). Treatments were 20 mg/animal/day of enramycin and 300 mg/animal/day […]

The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effects of sodium monensin supplied as a conventional form or as a controlled release capsule (bolus) on ruminal fermentation profile of bovine fed low nutritive value forage, supplemented or not with non-protein nitrogen. Twelve rumen-fistulated cows (736 kg of BW) were allocated in blocks, in function of body weight, using two successive 28-day periods (24 experimental units). The treatments were arranged as a factorial 3 x 2, where two forms of […]

Thirty six mid lactating Holstein cows, 123 days in milk (DIM), were used to evaluate the substitution of ground corn (GC) by soybean hulls (SH) for in total mixed diets containing corn silage as the main forage source and citrus pulp as part of the energy source. The replacement of 0, 10 and 20% of ground corn by soybean hulls in total mixed diets (%DM) were evaluated: SH 0 – 0% SH and 20% GC, CS 10: 10% SH and […]