R. Bras. Zootec.01/Feb/2000;29(1):225-35.
Passage rates and ruminal degradation kinetics in Holstein calves fed diets with different concentrate levels
DOI: 10.1590/S1516-35982000000100030
ABSTRACT – This work was conducted to evaluate the effects of different concentrate levels on the liquid passage rates, using Co-EDTA, and particulate, using ytterbium chloride and Cr-mordant, and the in situ ruminal degradation kinetics of dry matter (DM) and crude protein (CP). Five rumen and abomasum fistulated bull Holstein calves, with an initial average age of 5.8±0.7 months and initial average of 107.4±11.0 kg LW were allotted to a 5×5 Latin square design (treatment x period). The animals were housed in individual stalls and full fed diets (DM basis) containing 30.0, 45.0, 60.0, 75,0 and 90.0% of concentrate. The diets were based on coast-cross grass hay as forage and soybean meal an corn ground grain in the concentrate. The passage rate of fluids showed a quadratic behavior, with the maximum value of 9.73%/h, with the 61.69% of concentrate in the diet. The particulate passage rate of the soybean meal in the reticulum-rumen linearly decreased, while the concentrate levels in the diets did not affect the passage rate in proximal cecum-colon. The concentrate levels in the diet did not affect the passage rates of the coast-cross grass hay in the reticulum-rumen and in the proximal cecum-colon. The effective degradation of the DM of the soybean meal was not affected, while those of the corn ground grain increased and coast-cross grass hay linearly decreased, respectively. The effective degradation of the CP of the soybean meal and coast-cross grass hay did not vary, however, that of the corn ground grain linearly increased as the dietary concentrate levels increased.
Keywords: concentrate levels; holstein calves; passage rate; ruminal degradation